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Milton Friedman, a father of financial futures
Leo Melamed writes:
I asked him [Friedman] whether he would endorse—when Bretton Woods collapsed—the concept of futures contracts in foreign exchange. Without hesitation, Dr. Milton Friedman embraced the concept and authored a study in December 1971 which became the intellectual foundation for the birth of currency futures. It was not a major treatise, hundreds of pages long with footnotes and a bibliography. The world-renowned economist stated all he needed to say in just 11 pages. His paper, entitled "The Need for Futures Markets in Currencies," provided us with academic authenticity of the highest magnitude to prove that our theory was a viable necessity. As I often stated, "Professor Friedman gave my idea the credibility without which the concept might never have become a reality." For with Dr. Friedman's paper in hand, I was able to convince government officials, bank presidents and the CME brokerage community that the idea had merit.
This is an excellent illustration of Alex's point that Milton was an entrepreneurial economist. Here is more.
Milton had been right all along that flexible exchange rates were entirely workable. He was wrong in underestimating their volatility through periodic, and possibly inexplicable, "long swings" in the levels. Oddly, his mistake on this point probably enabled currency futures and options to be even more successful than he had expected.
Addendum: Here is Greg Mankiw on Milton, here is Arnold Kling. Here is a link fest at PrestoPundit. Here is a misleading piece on Milton as friend of big government; just ask Roger Douglass, Vaclav Havel, or many others.
Posted by Tyler Cowen on November 17, 2006 at 09:27 AM in Economics | Permalink
Comments
Leave it the Guardian to completely misrepresent Friedman's views and his impact.
Posted by: EclectEcon at Nov 17, 2006 10:47:00 AM
I'd comment on the Guardian page, but I see it's already turned into a bit of a mess and I'd rather not get lost in it. It's funny for a variety of reasons, most notably because the author criticizes Friedman's status as a policy maker, even though he wasn't one. It's hard to say that, because few of his policies were implemented to his standards, he was not the second most influential economist of the last century. (How often do the actual policy makers listen to economists anyway?)
Of course, the author notes his pick as Paul Samuelson. It wouldn't be too hard to pick out a few Samuelson policies that didn't do so hot. But again it's irrelevant to the question of influence.
Posted by: Swimmy at Nov 17, 2006 11:05:21 AM
I would not call the Guardian article misleading; I'd call it disgusting.
Posted by: RomainW at Nov 17, 2006 1:40:30 PM
Let me sum up what the 3 last posters said: We hate anything critical of him - Milton Friedman is GOD.
Posted by: Robert at Nov 17, 2006 3:54:08 PM
I've heard Melamed talk about this. He says Friedman knew immediately that the Chicago Merc would pressure the Fed (and other central banks) into pursuing better monetary policy.
Posted by: Patrick R. Sullivan at Nov 17, 2006 5:06:13 PM
Robert: I saw your comment and wondered, "How should I respond to such a thing?" Would it be worthwhile to write something about Milton Friedman's true policy impact, which much more often involved softening softening rather than abolishing, though the latter was his true preference? To point out not only his domestic but international impact? (Recent Estonia comes to mind.) To explain on which levels I think it is worthwhile to criticize Friedman, only one of which is touched in that article? To defend myself against the accusation that a glib criticism of a silly internet article amounts to outright deification of the article's subject?
Then I remembered, "Oh, yeah, it's the internet."
Posted by: Swimmy at Nov 17, 2006 11:27:53 PM
The real question is:
Is the Guardian's misrepresentation so severe that it should be added to their Wikipedia page?
And the supporting question:
Anyone know what the level of outcry is about this among the economic community in general?
Posted by: David Youngberg at Nov 18, 2006 2:02:49 PM
Oh wait it appears to be some kind of blog format. Hmmm. Tough call.
Posted by: David Youngberg at Nov 18, 2006 2:08:31 PM
It's one thing to talk about economics, but experience is what matters. Years ago I worked for a Libertarian nonprofit (an oxymoron if there ever was one). I'm thinking back on that time because of the glowing articles written to honor the late Nobel Prize winning economist Milton Friedman, the father of Libertarianism. What the Libertarians that I worked with loved about free market ideology was that it gave them an excuse for corruption and greed. Cocaine was regularly delivered to the office because, hey, Libertarians don't believe in drug laws. The owner of the non-profit regularly lined his own pockets with donor money meant for "free market" books. He left his wife and two young kids for a big donor with a fur coat. These weren't just bad apples. Libertarian philosophy is an ideology of taking. They would sell their mothers to make a buck. What I learned from Libertarians is that if people think they'll get away with it, they'll cheat instead of doing the right thing. Look at the most recent Wall Street scandals of epidemic backdating of stock options. A stock market free for all since government stepped out of the way to let the market follow its natural path. Without government audits and regulations, you get Enrons and WorldComs. The cure to greed is big time government interference, something that’s anathema to free marketeers. The idea that I came away with working with Libertarians was the oppositie of Friedman's "trust the people." My experience was that there's never enough for those that have the most.
Posted by: Autumn at Nov 23, 2006 1:45:19 PM
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